Milia are popularly known as semolina grains or skin semolina.
Milia are horny pearl-filled epithelial cysts measuring about 0.1 to 0.4 millimetres that have no open connection to the skin surface. These are yellowish-whitish granules that are increasingly grouped in the area of the cheeks or around the eyes.
There they often appear on the lower eyelid, but sometimes also on the upper eyelid. Other often affected areas are the bridge of the nose, the bridge of the nose and the forehead. Here, however, they rarely appear as concentrated as around the eyes. If you touch a milia, there is no pain, the skin just feels a little harder at this point.
There are three categories of milia: 1. the primary milia, 2. the secondary milia and 3. the pseudo milia. Primary milia develop spontaneously in the skin, on the vellus hairs, or at the exit of the eccrine sweat glands. Secondary milia can develop after bullous dermatoses or also post-traumatically due to a displacement of keratinized epithelial sections under the epidermis. One speaks of pseudo milia when deposits of oxalates in the skin result in milia-like appearances. The good news: no matter what type of milia it is, it can be treated.
Reasons for its creation Many different reasons for the development of milia can be determined from cosmetic practice. Some customers have a genetic predisposition and therefore regularly come to professional treatment to have the milia removed. For other customers, on the other hand, it is due to a moisture deficit in the skin, where the permanent undersupply of the skin or a tendency to lack moisture leads to an increase in milia, which requires professional treatment to combat.
Treatment options First things first: Milia removal should always be performed by a professional and under no circumstances should you do it yourself at home! This can lead to injuries to the skin, and it is only in the rarest of cases that a layperson is able to remove milia without leaving any residue. Unlike pimples and blackheads, milia cannot be easily squeezed out because they have no opening. During the treatment, the most important thing is where the milia to be removed is located because not every milia can be removed by a beautician. The beautician has to differentiate here: which milia may be removed and which is better treated by a dermatologist. All milia on the movable lid and milia on the lower lid should be spared by the beautician and left to a dermatologist. However, the remaining milia can be removed by the cosmetic staff using the right technique. The duration of such treatment depends on the number of milia to be removed; the distance itself usually only takes a few minutes.
Dermatological therapy Because milia do not have an open connection to the environment, the dermatologist opens the small cyst for removal using a sharp cannula, so that the contents can then be gently expressed. An alternative to this is peeling therapies - these are also suitable for prophylactic treatment to prevent the development of new milia.
Green Peel, microdermabrasion, fruit acid peelings and medical peeling therapy with local retinoids or retinoid derivatives are particularly suitable for this.
Please note: All milia on the movable eyelid and on the lower eyelid should be spared by the beautician and left to a dermatologist.
Post-treatment care The customer should always use a high sun protection factor in the days after the treatment, as the skin is much more sensitive than usual after such treatment and needs special protection from environmental influences such as UV rays. Intensive moisturizing care is also recommended for home care. Ampoules, serums and concentrates should not be missing from the daily care ritual in order to fill the skin's moisture depots and return them to the skin. These products form the basis. A cream should always be used afterwards.
Preventive action Skin care at home can also be specifically aimed at preventing the development of new milia. As always, the be-all and end-all are the right care products that are tailored to the individual skin needs and contain the right active ingredients. Permanent moisturizing of the skin is particularly important because milia are a sign of a lack of moisture. If this defect is remedied, the customer will have less trouble with Milia in the future. To prevent milia, it is also recommended to use a mild and moisturizing fruit acid peel twice a week. Regular mechanical peelings or fruit acid creams are suitable for this. These peelings regularly remove the superficial horny layer. This minimizes inclusions and actively prevents the formation of new inclusions. In addition, as mentioned above, peeling therapies are excellent for prophylaxis to prevent the development of new milia.
This is how the milia treatment in the cosmetic salon works:
First, the skin is gently cleaned. A keratolytic peeling or microdermabrasion is particularly suitable for this.
The skin is then disinfected. The beautician uses a blood lancet to open the milia dome at the skin level. However, this only opens the Milia dome halfway.
This is followed by a slight levering out of the milia with a comedone lifter.
The resulting wound should then be temporarily fixed with a moisturizing special fleece mask with natural collagen fibres that stimulate skin function so that the blood flow is stopped immediately. However, the special fleece mask can be removed from the site after a few minutes.
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